Defining Quantifiers

Abstract: Michael Dummett, in a presentation to the Aristotelian Society 65 years ago (in 1959) inaugurated a long-running debate over semantic realism and anti-realism, and the issue of settling an appropriate logic as a necessary prolegomenon to fruitful discussion metaphysics. Dummett argued that the principles of intuitionistic logic are...

Generic claims, such as Birds fly, Men are violent, and Mosquitos carry Ross River Fever, seem pervasive across human thought and talk. We use generic claims to express our understanding of the world around us and our place in it. These generic claims are useful even though they admit exceptions. We can agree that birds fly, even though emus...

Abstract: When I use a calculator to tell me that 245 × 46 = 11,270, I learn something that I didn’t know before, even though calculators don’t have any beliefs or knowledge. Even small children know how to count things, and it is through our own capacity to enumerate and count things that we learn basic arithmetic. Calculators do not count...

py2010: Intermediate Logic is a University of St Andrews undergraduate subject in which we cover important results in logic to philosophy students. It’s taught by Greg Restall, together with a committed crew of postgraduate students. The subject introduces the proof theory and model theory of propositional, modal and predicate logic–in that...

Here’s August’s book haul: This month I enjoyed three novels. The most experimental of which was Olga Ravn’s The Employees: A workplace novel of the 22nd Century, which has the form of a series of witness statements from the crew of a ship, now far away from earth. The workers, both human and artificial, have been tending a number of exotic...