If you do just foo, the following justfile will write a single byte 0x0A to a file named bar: x := "\n" foo: printf '{{x}}' > bar Let's find out where that 0x0A byte comes from. just is written in Rust, and the just parser has a function called cook_string, which transforms a just string token containing escape sequences into a UTF-8 string....
There have been words on Twitter, so I thought it would be useful to write down how ordinals came to be. Ordinals is a few things. Ordinals proper is made up of ordinal numbers, the numbering and tracking of satoshis, designed ultimately as vehicles for NFTs; inscriptions, the NFTs which ride on the backs of ordinals; runes, the degenerate black...
Bitcoin has inscriptions and will soon have runes, protocols for bitcoin-native digital artifacts and tokens. However, these assets still suffer from a lack of decentralized trading venues. Assets on other chains are commonly traded using automatic market makers, or AMMs. AMMs pool assets and use simple formulae to dynamically price swaps between...
If you ask me my views, they will be nearly indistinguishable from those of, for lack of a better term, ideological Bitcoin maximalists. I loathe the state, have no particular respect for authority, and believe that Bitcoin is the path away from the debauched debasement of our lives and civilization that fiat currency has wrought. However, I do...
When a dev tells you that something is weird and hard and they have to change behavior that users rely on, the correct response is somewhere between "Cool story, bro." and "Wah, wah, wah, are the bits being mean to you?". Developers serve users, not the other way around. For this and other reasons, the ord developers recommit to the stability and...
I'm not sure creating a new fungible token protocol for Bitcoin is a good idea. Fungible tokens are 99.9% scams and memes. However, they don't appear to be going away any time soon, similar to the way in which casinos don't appear to be going away any time soon. Creating a good fungible token protocol for Bitcoin might bring significant...
Inscription numbers are numbers assigned to inscriptions in the order in which they are created, starting at zero for the genesis inscription. When inscription numbers were originally added to ord, the Ordinals wallet and explorer that powers ordinals.com, they were intended to be stable and never change. However, now that we have more experience...
ord version 0.4.0 has been released. Inscriptions are finally ready for Bitcoin mainnet. Inscriptions Inscriptions are digital artifacts native to the Bitcoin blockchain. They are created by inscribing sats with content using ord, and can be viewed with the ordinals explorer. They do not require a separate token, a side chain, or changing...
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We just released ord version 0.1.0! ord is an ordinal number wallet and the index that serves ordinals.com. This release of ord is by no means complete, but it now supports making ordinal-aware transactions on mainnet using the ord wallet send command thanks to @raphjaph, and boasts much faster indexing thanks to @callmeier. ord wallet send The...
Ideas for a new Bitcoin testnet: Cool, cyberpunk branding and design, so people pay attention to it and want to use it. I suggest "The Bitcoin Chaos Network" or "Bitcoin Chaos", for short. Black and white branding with no Bitcoin orange in sight. Trading coins for money is encouraged. Proof-of-work mining identical to mainnet. No testnet fast...
I've been thinking about competitive governance, trying to dissect what, exactly, its desirable properties might be, and how to achive them. It strikes me that there are two separate desriable properties that governments have under competition, which, for lack of a better word, I'll call incentives and constraints. Good incentives encourage...
Raph and I have been working hard on ord, the ordinal block explorer and wallet, and have just finished the initial version of the ord wallet send ORDINAL ADDRESS command, which makes a transaction sending ORDINAL to ADDRESS. Ordinal-aware Bitcoin transactions are rather tricky, and must attend to a number of considerations: Rare ordinals...
I've been working on a numbering scheme for satoshis that allows tracking and transferring individual sats. These numbers are called ordinals, and constitute a numeric namespace for Bitcoin. Satoshis are numbered in the order in which they're mined, and transferred from transaction inputs to transaction outputs in first-in-first-out order. More...
Crypto History Prehistory Lots of interesting stuff here that nobody talks about Digital Monetary Trust: Private, anonymous, digital bank eGold Liberty Trust 2009 - Bitcoin Bitcoin launches and is the only cryptocurrency for a while 2011 - Early Altcoins Pure clones of bitcoin with a few parameters tweaked Changed supply, difficulty adjustment,...
A large reputable member threshold multisig operating as functionaries for a Bitcoin-pegged deterministic replicated state machine sidechain with as-compatible-as-possible-with-mainchain semantics is probably more reliable and secure that most alternative chains. Large: The number of functionaries should be large enough to ensure geographic,...
There are a lot of things that I wish would happen, but don't have the time to actually do myself. I complain about such things all the time to basically anyone who will listen. Such efforts are all well and good, and sometimes actually pay off, but additionally, I'd like to materially support people who might actually do these things. This post,...
Expanding on this tweet: You could launch a super fancy social networking site with all the features that everyone expects, but built entirely on existing open standards: Sign-up: Pick a domain. This is your username. Register domain through service. Can be transferred out at any time. $10 a year is nothing. Profile: Hosted at domain.tld....
Why? Return email to its rightful place as the one true messaging protocol. It's this or use a dozen messaging apps for the rest of your life, there is no other realistic option. How? Add the features that make people use other messaging protocols to email. Which features? Contacts Description: Chat, mobile notifications, read receipts, and other...
A letter to Maalika Manoharan, Product Manager, Gmail. Sent via LinkedIn Inmail, which is palpably ironic. Hi Maalika, My name is Casey Rodarmor, and I am a former Google SRE and SWE. I am writing you today because you may be one of the few people that can deliver us from the multi-messenger hell that the human race finds itself in today....
Tax the land, pay the people. The Terrestrial Dividend consists of a tax and a dividend. Revenue is generated with a tax on the unimproved value of land and distributed as a cash dividend to all citizens. Why? If You're in Favor of Wealth Redistribution If you are in favor of wealth redistribution, you should want to raise as much money as...
Good evening list, This mail is inspired by Chia's coin IDs. Chia coin IDs consist of: sha256(parent id, sha256(scriptpubkey), amount) One consequence of this is that outputs in Chia have a dedicated textual ID. This seems beneficial, separate from any larger technical consequences, and made me wonder if we couldn't replicate that in Bitcoin....
Conventional software configuration is backwards. If you want an HTTP server to listen on port 80 and serve some directory full of files, you tell the service to bind to port 80 and pass it the path of the files to serve: $ http-server --port 80 --files /srv/www Serving `/srv/www` via HTTP on port 80. This is backwards. Let's call this kind of...
Got some minor cuts and scrapes while doing water sports (not the fetish kind you perv), was curious about the optimal way to dress them, which lead to reading at least a dozen papers and articles on wound care and dressing selection. It is a complex and interesting topic! Here is my probably-inaccurate summary: The four stages of wound healing...
Federated blind mints have attractive privacy, scaling, and security properties that are highly complementary to those of Bitcoin and the Lightning Network. I originally became interested in blind mints while thinking about Lightning Network wallet usability issues. When Lightning works, it is fantastic, but keeping a node running and managing a...
Bitcoin will greatly reduce the power of the state, which rests entirely on its capacity for violence. This capacity is maintained by paying and equipping people to commit violence on its behalf, and it acquires the resources to do so by printing money, collecting taxes, and issuing debt. Bitcoin hurts the ability of the state… …to print money by...
I don't do as much deep thinking as I used to. When I was a kid, I remember imagining what it would be like if the universe was symmetrical, mirrored right down the middle. I imagined a white room, floating in space, right on the plane that separates the two halves of the universe. If you parked your spaceship outside and opened the door, you...
Thought of a hilarious idea for a manga and eventually anime when it inevitably gets super popular. It takes place in Japan, but only because that seems like the only appropriate setting for an anime. The story is about a twenty-something bachelor. He wants a dog, so he adopts a beautiful female malamute from a shelter. However! When he gets...
For some reason I'm fascinated by the debris in this vacuum product photo. If you look closely, you can see that it's several specific kinds of debris. Uncooked grains of rice, sunflower seeds, maybe coffee beans, and clumps of hair. I'm imagining some intern getting just the right debris ready for the photo.
The complex priority system that the state is using in many countries to roll out the covid vaccine is reminiscent of this plane boarding algorithm: Yes, it is optimal. No, it won't work in real life. The state, of course, ignores this. Its reach exceeds its grasp, and we are left with fragile, sub-optimal, poorly implemented plans that are,...
I was trying to find an image reference for what different clipper guard lengths look like. Every single reference I found had different models with different hairstyles, or used illustrations instead of photographs. After searching a bit, I found this video, which shows the same person with different hair lengths, with the hair uniformly short...
What is happening? What is a hypothesis that would explain why this is happening? How can you test this hypothesis? Test it! What did you do? Did it work? If not, write down what happened and go back to step 2. You're done! Nice work!
As an unrepentant degenerate and fan of microeconomics, it should come as no surprise that I find the online sexual economy endlessly fascinating. Most of what happens there isn't surprising to me, with the exception of pricing for online sexual services, which is much higher than I would have expected. As an example, take private, one-on-one cam...
In an October 1935 article in Esquire. Hemingway offers this advice to a young writer: The best way is always to stop when you are going good and when you know what will happen next. If you do that every day when you are writing a novel you will never be stuck. That is the most valuable thing I can tell you so try to remember it. Reformulated for...
The PS5 was released about a week ago, and, predictably, it is impossible to get one. All retailers, online and IRL, are sold out. Of course, consoles are available on Ebay at ruinous prices, so at least the scalpers are doing well. Economists, of course, are wringing their hands and mumbling about Vickrey auctions. What Sony should do, they...
I wrote a nontrivial AppleScript to merge duplicates in my iTunes library. It is easily the most gruesome thing I have ever written. Some things of notes: I had to write my own function to sort lists. I had to write my own function to split strings. AppleScript has records, which are like dictionaries, except they do not support dynamic...
One of the things that I personally struggled with when learning Rust was how to organize large programs with multiple modules. In this post, I'll explain how I organize the codebase of just, a command runner that I wrote. just was the first large program I wrote in Rust, and its organization has gone through many iterations, as I discovered what...
I feel like BGP would be a great place to experiment with PKI systems, possibly with some additional global consensus mechanism. BGP has well known security flaws that cause real problems. It is very common that misconfigured or malicious route advertisements cause outages or redirect traffic to an attacker. (C.f. BGP hijacking against Bitcoin...
GIMME THAT BIG BISCUIT SHREDDED WHEAT BOM BOM BOM THAT BIG BISCUIT SHREDDED WHEAT
I just published a simple crate that performs lexical path cleaning: lexiclean. Lexical path cleaning simplifies paths by removing ., .., and double separators: //, without querying the filesystem. It is inspired by Go's Clean function, and differs from the Go version by not removing . if that is the only path component left. I implemented this...
From Scott Alexander on the Amish health care system: The Muslims claim Mohammed was the last of the prophets, and that after his death God stopped advising earthly religions. But sometimes modern faiths will make a decision so inspired that it could only have come from divine revelation. This is how I feel about the Amish belief that health...
Just is a general-purpose command runner written in Rust with a make-like syntax. If you're interested in hacking on just, I'd love to help! Just is fun to work on, for a few reasons: It's a language! Languages are just inherantly fun, since they're an intersection of design, aesthetics, UX, and engineering. Just has all sorts of the bits that...
USG was always this this incompetent, this inefficient, this craven, this self-serving. It just needed external stresses requiring a competent response to reveal the extent of its functional bankruptcy.
I happened to visit these pages one after the other: Making Shmurah Matzah Bonded warehouse The similarity is striking. In a matzoh factory, batches of matzot are prepared within 18 minute time periods, after which all implements used to prepare the matzot are meticulously cleaned. This is because, in order to be halachically correct, matzot must...
All democracy gives you is this: People convince themselves that the best way to get what they want is by voting, lobbying, and running for office, and not with AK-47s in the streets. Which, all things considered, is probably better than nothing. But don't suck democracy's dick and expect good decisions, wise governance, and functional laws to...
This is the 200th time I have Googled "CSS Box Model" and I have become exceedling efficient at it.
TL;DR Intermodal is a new command-line BitTorrent metainfo1 utility for Linux, Windows, and macOS. The binary is called imdl. It can create, display, and verify .torrent files, as well as generate magnet links. It has lots of features and niceties, is easy to install and run, and is hopefully just the beginning of an ambitious project to make...
Twitter is funding a team to decentralize social media. I think they should start with messaging. TL;DR Why Messaging is a subset of social media. Users are tired of the wild proliferation of messaging apps. Social networks are all different, making them hard targets for standardization; messaging apps are all the same, making them easy targets...
I am not a lawyer. This is not legal advice. Popcorn Time-style video streaming apps seem to be vulnerable to legal action by rightsholders. For example, the popcorntime.sh domain was recently suspended, and the operator of a site which merely provided information about how to obtain and use Popcorn Time was sentenced to prison. Although given...
Computering is a party. The stack is best visualized as a bunch of Jenga blocks on the floor, and the heap as a bunch of balloons floating around bumping into each other on the ceiling. The fact that the stack usually grows downwards in memory is a travesty.
I saw a janitor sweeping dirt from the fronds of his enormous push broom with a normal-sized broom.
I've often been asked for suggestions for an appropriate first project in Rust, and I think that writing a version of a unix utility is a great choice, for a bunch of reasons! There is a diverse and colorful cast of characters to choose from that all provide an appropriate scope and difficulty level, such as: tree: Print a graphical...
A Kademlia-inspired modification of Dandelion for use in Grin. What On boot and restart, Grin nodes pick a random 256-bit node id which is broadcast to their peers. Upon receiving a block, a new epoch begins if block_height % 10 == 0. The epoch id is the 256-bit blake2b hash of the block hash of the block that started the epoch. (I.E. the double...
We all stood, gathered our things, walked down the cafe stairs and out to the dark and bustling Berlin street. After a few goodbyes and handshakes, everyone headed off in different directions, for different destinations. The meeting had felt momentous to me, a marker of strange and interesting times to come. I headed to the U-Bahn, alone.
obtain Rustup is the rust toolchain manager. It can install Rust and keep it up-to-date. write Visual Studio Code is easy to use and has great Rust integration. read The Rust Book is a comprehensive guide to the entire language. play The Rust Playground allows you to quickly try out and share code snippets. exercise Rustlings are bite-sized...
I woke up last night after only a few hours of sleep, sweaty and disoriented. Maybe it was miasmatic vapors rising up from beneath South of Market streets. Maybe it was the widening gyre opening up under the world. Maybe it was nothing at all. I don't know. It felt like the world had ended, but I was still there. And the lights of the city...
The Lightning Network has the potential to greatly improve cryptocurrency exchanges. Lighting Network payment channels could be established between users and exchanges to speed the transfer of funds. This would be a huge boon, moving many on-chain deposit and withdrawal transactions off-chain, but is possibly only the beginning. Since Lightning...
IOTA is a cryptocurrency targeting the internet of things. It purports to be scalable, decentralized, and feeless. Unfortunately it is none of those things. In this article I attempt to summarize the numerous technical, social, and ethical problems surrounding the IOTA project, The IOTA Foundation, and the IOTA developers. Issues Centralization...
Glas, 1958 Glass-blowing, automation and all that jazz. Farewell, Etaoin shrdlu, 1978 The last day of linotype at the New York Times. National Disintegrations, 2017 On the Geneva Freeport. What Happens Just Before Show Time At the Met Opera, 2017 Behind the scenes at the Met, scored with inspired percussion.
VXX is a dangerous chimeric creature; it is structured like a bond, trades like a stock, follows VIX futures and decays like an option. Handle with care. And, currently being algo traded by a program written in Excel VBA. Strange times indeed.
Investing in cryptocurrencies is not the same as buying simple equity in a company. Although each company has a different business model, they and the equity they issue are largely structurally homogeneous. They hold their monies in banks, pay for their expenses with wire transfers and cheques, follow prescribed rules of accounting, and issue...
Programs first crawled from the murky oceans as simple lists of instructions that executed in sequence. From these humble beginnings they have since evolved an astonishing number of ways of delinearizing. In fact, most programming paradigms simply amount to different ways to transform a linear source file into a program with nonlinear behavior....
let container = document.getElementsByClassName('jumble-container')[0]; let letters = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'; function pick_letter() { return letters[Math.floor(Math.random() * letters.length)]; } for (let i = 0; i
This is pretty nuts. I was poking around in the storage area of my house, and I found a huge cardboard box filled with letters and audio cassettes and dust. Everything was Danish, German, and English, but mostly Danish. The name Max Rasmussen was everywhere, so I think it was all his stuff. I had to get a tape player at best buy to play the...
"Well," he began, moving closer to her, "declarative programming is when you tell the computer what you want, and then the computer figures out how to get it. Pretty sweet, huh?" "What kinds of things can you tell the computer you want?" she asked excitedly, her cheeks beginning to flush. He thought for a moment, and began stroking her hair...